During the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, social isolation, semi-lockdown, and stay at home orders were imposed upon the population in the interest of infection control. This study aimed to analyze the association between emotional eating and body mass, as well as changes in body, Stress caused by the Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic may lead to emotional eating which may have a negative impact on the weight status. Descriptive statistics of the patients characteristics are provided as mean and SD for continuous variables and frequency and percentages for categorical variables (IC=95%). 2002;56:17180. The coexistence of childhood obesity and COVID-19 and changes in the bioecological environment have put children and adolescents at increased risk for developing obesity and exacerbating the severity of this disorder. Moreover, a markable decrease in physical activity levels and an increase in sedentary behavior is associated with weight gain, especially in children with excessive weight. Moreover, tele-exercise platforms such as applications or exergames allowed flexible scheduling, limiting the infection risks. The necessity to change our lifestyle due to the COVID-19 lockdown forced us to reduce hours of physical activity and to change our diet [20, 21]. Pediatric obesityassessment, treatment, and prevention: an endocrine society clinical practice guideline. Analysing the number of daily meals according to the grade of parents instruction, our data is similar to other studies [25]. Social distancing, the impossibility to stay physically at school or to spend time with other people gave a huge incentive to social inequality and to health problems, including mental and eating disorders [3, 4]. Gurnani M, Birken C, Hamilton J. Childhood obesity: causes, consequences, and management.
kristine madsen mph The coexistence of childhood obesity (or its risk) and COVID-19 pandemic put children and adolescents in greater risk to develop respiratory and cardiovascular diseases. Child Care Health Dev.
This difference could be explained considering the deeper awareness of a correct diet and the consequences of overweight in people with a higher level of instruction. Editors select a small number of articles recently published in the journal that they believe will be particularly
OECD Health Policy Studies, The Heavy Burden of Obesity.
abbott formula infant sensitive similac iron Pediatr Obes. The level of BMI after the lockdown didnt have a significant correlation with the other value before the lockdown. Curr Obes Rep. 2018;7(4):2549. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). 2020;16(4):2357. In a second phase, we classified these patients according to the level of their parents instruction in 3 groups (primary school diploma, middle school diploma, high school diploma or degree). Our study has some limitations, like the small sample analysed. The twelve to sixteen articles will cover: 1. However, its also true that the fight against overweight and obesity in the pediatric population is extremely hard but essential for the health condition of future generations and, therefore, the problem cant be overlooked. Telehealth and Tele-exercise were effective in promoting self-monitoring and behavioral changes, including adherence to exercise training programs in children and adolescents. Anyone you share the following link with will be able to read this content: Sorry, a shareable link is not currently available for this article. 2018;9:187. https://doi.org/10.3389/fendo.2018.00187. In particular, the group of parents with primary school diploma had a significantly higher mean number of meals than those with high school diploma/degree (60.7 vs 4.41.3, p-value=0.019). https://doi.org/10.1186/s13052-021-01142-0, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/s13052-021-01142-0. Nutrients. A total of 439 participants were included. Obes Rev. Lifestyle behavioral changes during lockdown periods in children and adolescents (23 articles); 2. The mean levels of total cholesterol were 18331.3mg/dl before the lockdown and 167.822.6mg/dl after the lockdown. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. paper provides an outlook on future directions of research or possible applications. COVID-19 lockdown period has had an important impact on the world population.
In particular, children whose parents have primary school diploma ate a greater significant number of meals during the lockdown, compared to those who have parents with secondary school diploma (P=0.0019). Prog Cardiovasc Dis. 2020;9(5):675. Part of
Intake levels of vitamins D, C, B12, and iron have been demonstrated to be correlated with lower COVID-19 incidence and mortality. The study showed an increase of daily meals during COVID-19 lockdown (3.20.4 vs 51, P < 0.001). This type of .node-pilot-grants.pilot-grants-teaser__blue-card { display: none;} The examination involved 40 patients, 17 females (42.5%) and 23 males (57.5%). Not only the increased sedentary life, the wrong diet and the social distancing have prevented the chance of losing weight, but they also worsened the general life conditions. It had a great impact on normal habits but the biggest price has been paid from the pediatric population, who has seen a radical change in their lives. Help us to further improve by taking part in this short 5 minute survey, Effects of COVID-19 on Lifestyle Behaviors in Children with Obesity, Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals, Body Mass and Emotional Eating: Emotional Eater Questionnaire (EEQ) in the Polish Adolescents COVID-19 Experience (PLACE-19) Study, Weight Gain Associated with COVID-19 Lockdown in Children and Adolescents: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis, The Effects of COVID-19 on the Eating Habits of Children and Adolescents in Italy: A Pilot Survey Study, Immunonutrition and SARS-CoV-2 Infection in Children with Obesity, Combatting Sedentary Behaviors by Delivering Remote Physical Exercise in Children and Adolescents with Obesity in the COVID-19 Era: A Narrative Review, COVID-19 Pandemic as Risk Factors for Excessive Weight Gain in Pediatrics: The Role of Changes in Nutrition Behavior. Comp Hepatol. WHO Director-General's opening remarks at the media briefing on COVID-19 - 11 March 2020. https://www.who.int/director-general/speeches/detail/who-director-general-s-opening-remarks-at-the-media-briefing-on-covid-19%2D%2D-11-march-2020. March 11, 2020. The bidirectional relationship between obesity/diabetes and SARS-CoV-2 infection may partially explain the appearance of long COVID-19 syndrome and its related co-morbidities, such as cognitive dysfunction and cardiopulmonary diseases. Innate and adaptive immunity, obesity, and SARS-CoV-2 infection (23 articles); 6. Feature Papers represent the most advanced research with significant potential for high impact in the field. Prof. Dr. Livio LuziProf. The higher number of daily meals eaten by patients whose parents have elementary school diploma suggest the necessity to improve the awareness of this health problem. Gerontology. Data were obtained retrospectively. Conversely, infection with SARS-CoV-2 can induce diabetes mellitus and, potentially, also obesity in the long term, same as other viral infections. Privacy J Clin Endocrinol Metab. Feature permission provided that the original article is clearly cited. Provided by the Springer Nature SharedIt content-sharing initiative. statement and COVID-19 and obesity in childhood and adolescence: a clinical review. In particular, for some risk categories, such as overweight or obese children, the consequences were greater. 2007;120(Suppl 4):S16492. The COVID-19 lockdown caused significant changes in everyday life, including in children and adolescents. Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. 2022 BioMed Central Ltd unless otherwise stated.
juven nutrition therapuetic powder abbott shipping those of the individual authors and contributors and not of the publisher and the editor(s). Before the lockdown, the group had a mean age of 11.63.3, a mean weight of 6819.8kg and a mean height of 14329cm.
Based on the declared height and weight before and during the pandemic, the respondents were categorized according to their body mass (malnourished, normal weight, overweight, obese) and changes in body mass during the COVID-19 pandemic (lost weight, no body mass change, gained weight). Google Scholar. Regarding fasting glycemia, we described a situation of fasting glucose intolerance when we had a glycemia of 100-125mg/dl. Papers are submitted upon individual invitation or recommendation by the scientific editors and undergo peer review Visit our dedicated information section to learn more about MDPI. 2014;60(3):2228. Changes in lifestyle behaviours during the COVID-19 confinement in Spanish children: a longitudinal analysis from the MUGI project. Even though these restrictive measures decreased the COVID-19 spread, they may have detrimental effects on various lifestyle components such as physical inactivity, sedentary behavior, and dietary habits, influencing the maintenance of weight and contributing to obesity among children and adolescents. For this group, the mean value of BMI before the lockdown was 30.24, which become 325.5 after the lockdown. PubMed N Engl J Med. articles published under an open access Creative Common CC BY license, any part of the article may be reused without For example, in Italy the first lockdown started from 11th March 2020 [2] and lasted until the end of May: during this period numerous shops closed and group activities were forbidden. At the end, for fasting insulinemia, we considered pathological values >16.7 IU/ml [19]. 2020;96(5):54658. Nutraceutical interventions for treating adipose tissue dysfunctions, systemic inflammation, and metabolic disturbances in SARS-CoV-2 infection (23 articles); 5. Cardiometabolic risks and severity of obesity in children and young adults. Telemedicine and telehealth for the management of metabolic diseases during the COVID-19 pandemic (23 articles); 3. The aim is to provide a snapshot of some of the most exciting work 2020;12(6):1583.
Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations. Foods. 2021;64:10810. The number of daily meals during the lockdown is significantly higher in the group of parents with elementary school diploma than the one with high school diploma. The social consequences of COVID-19 pandemic are universally known. For transaminases values, detected by spectrophotometry, we considered pathological level of GOT >27U/L for female and>32U/L for male; we considered pathological level of GPT >26U/L for female; >35U/L for male. MV and FD have written the paper, CL, AZ, GZ, UC have collected the data, MW and GBP have revised the paper. Moreover its commonly known that an inadequate intake of some nutrients like Vitamins A, D and E, minerals zinc, selenium and essential fatty acid, as observed in pediatric obese population, could cause a decrease of resistance to infections [10], while an equilibrated dietary intake can also protect against an excessive inflammatory response to SARS-Cov-2 infection (frequent in the obese [11]) and, consequently, it can guarantee a better outcome [12, 13]. We didnt find a significant correlation between the biochemical parameters before and after the lockdown. Methods: The systematic review and meta-analysis were conducted following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analysis (PRISMA) statement. We also found an increase in vegetable, fresh fruit and legume intake (19%), and a reduction in sweet beverage and candy intake. In particular, the global OECD data showed for Italy a 4th position for prevalence of overweight and obese children [24] despite being a country of the Mediterranean area with an excellent balanced diet. Obesity (Silver Spring). In addition, we evaluated some of them (20 children) twice from a clinical and laboratory perspective. The coexistence of childhood obesity (or its risk) and COVID-19 pandemic put children and adolescents in greater risk to develop respiratory and cardiovascular diseases. According to WHO classification, we considered a child to be overweight if BMI was between 85th and 94th percentiles (from 1 to 1,99 DS), obese if BMI was between 95th and 98th percentiles (from 2 to 2,99 DS) and severely obese when BMI was higher than 99th percentiles (>3 DS) [14], using Cacciaris Growth Charts [15, 16]. Skinner AC, Perrin EM, Moss LA, Skelton JA. Through a telephone interview conducted by two doctors and a dietitian after the lockdown, we could evaluate diet, physical activity, sedentary lifestyle changes during the period at home and the level of their parents instruction. Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website.
2015;373:130717. Stay informed about our recent work and upcoming events by signing up for our twice-monthly newsletter. Implications of COVID-19-induced nationwide lockdown on children's behaviour in Punjab, India. Higher EEQ scores were achieved by female respondents compared with males (, (This article belongs to the Special Issue, Background: Lockdown is an effective nonpharmaceutical intervention to reduce coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) transmission, but it restricts daily activity. Kelsey MM, Zaepfel A, et al. An increasing figure of obesity prevalence is also present in children and adolescents. Functional role of dietary intervention to improve the outcome of COVID-19: a hypothesis of work. 2019. p. 47. COVID-19 and nutrition: the need for initiatives to promote healthy eating and prevent obesity in childhood. Results: The pooled results showed that lockdown was associated with significant body weight gain (MD 2.67, 95% CI 2.123.23; Nutrition during childhood and adolescence is very important for growth and can have long-term health implications. It could be explained by the consumption of caloric and high-energy foods probably eaten because of boredom or stress caused by the limitations lockdown-related. 2021;113(4):98492. Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. Through a large pediatric primary care network, we evaluated the shifting rates of obesity for patients attending visits and explored disparities based on age, race and ethnicity, insurance, and income. The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has caused economic hardship, school closings, shutdowns, limited physical activities, and increased food insecurity for many families. A lot of studies show us how high levels of total cholesterol, LDL, triglycerides, glycemia and low level of HDL in the overweight and obese children are considered as important cardiometabolic risk factors, especially for boys and young men [8]. A Narrative Review, Telehealth: A Useful Tool for the Management of Nutrition and Exercise Programs in Pediatric Obesity in the COVID-19 Era. Int J Mol Sci. Curr Diab Rep. 2014;14(12):557. After the lockdown, we contacted all patients in order to get some information about diet, physical activity and sedentary lifestyle changes in correlation to the level of their parents instruction. Obesity and COVID-19 negatively affect children and adolescents wellbeing, with adverse effects on psychophysical health, due in large part to food choices, snacking between meals, and comfort eating. The same parameters after the lockdown were 83.910.9mg/dl and 21.49.3 IU/ml. You seem to have javascript disabled. Manage cookies/Do not sell my data we use in the preference centre. Does family history of obesity, cardiovascular, and metabolic diseases influence onset and severity of childhood obesity? Obesity (Silver Spring). Before the lockdown, the whole population analysed had a mean BMI level of 30.95.4, mean GOT and GPT levels respectively of 20.527.3U/L and 28.425.3U/L, a mean glycemia level of 85,712mg/dl, a mean insulinemia level of 25,114,5 IU/ml, a mean total cholesterol level of 181.432mg/dl, mean HDL and LDL levels respectively of 48.412.8mg/dl and 107.528.6mg/dl and a mean triglyceride level of 108.633.9mg/dl. Sama BK, Kaur P, Thind PS, Verma MK, Kaur M, Singh DD. Front Endocrinol. This narrative review aims to describe the role of Telehealth and Tele-exercise as useful tools in the management of pediatric obesity during COVID-19 pandemic. You are accessing a machine-readable page. A total of 59.7% of the participants reported body weight gain, with adolescents gaining more than children (67% vs. 55%, Since the beginning of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic, there has been much discussion about the role of diet and antiviral immunity in the context of SARS-CoV-2 infection. This study aimed to analyze the association between emotional eating and body mass, as well as changes in body mass during the COVID-19 pandemic, within the Polish Adolescents COVID-19 Experience (PLACE-19) Study. We all know that obesity is such an important problem that the WHO decided to coin the term globesity. On 11th March 2020, the World Health Organization declared the status of global pandemic [1] and many nations adopted measures in order to contain future infections. The diagnostic value of biomarkers (SteatoTest) for the prediction of liver steatosis. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. This second period of home confinement might have worsened the consequences on the pediatric population from a healthy and psychological point of view. Italian Journal of Pediatrics Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences L. Lastly, we considered pathological values >200mg/dl for total cholesterol, >45mg/dl for HDL, >130mg/dl for LDL, >100mg/dl (0-9years old) and>130mg/dl (10-19years old) for triglyceride [17]. J Pediatr. Vam Buren DJ, Tibbs TL. Telehealth is effective in promoting increased self-monitoring and behavioral change, and provides the opportunity to perform online nutritional support and exercise training programs to promote a healthy lifestyle and reduce sedentary behaviors in children and adolescents.
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