Londrina: 1995. University of Illinois Board of Trustees. Among the crops grown in Brazil, cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz) has stood out due to its social and economic importance in several regions. ** Significant at 1% probability. Illinois Pesticide Applicator Training Manual SP39: General Standards. Chikoye D, Ellis-Jones J, Kormawa P, Udensi UE, Ibana SE, Avav T-R. Options for Cogongrass (. Herbicides in sequential application caused phytointoxication from 7 days after the second application (DA2A) (Figure 1).
2015. Londrina: 1995. Misturas em tanque com glyphosate para o controle de trapoeraba, erva-de-touro e capim-carrapicho em soja RR. Unfortunately we don't understand how plants respond to weather sufficiently to make precise recommendations on adjusting herbicide application parameters. ; AGROFIT, 2018Sistemas de Agrotxicos Fitossanitrios - AGROFIT. This all makes it a popular choice for reforestation and restoration professionals alike.
Created and exclusively marketed under patent for many years by Monsanto with the trade name Round Up, glyphosate is now produced by many companies, in many formulations and sold under dozens of trade names. These results can be explained by the varietal tolerance to the herbicide.
No experimento 1, a aplicao do mesotriona, mesotriona/mesotriona e [mesotriona+cletodim]/[mesotriona+cletodim] apresentaram seletividade mandioca e foram eficientes no controle de plantas daninhas. 2001;19(1):119-25. Otsubo AA, Mercante FM, Silva RF, Borges CD. Many of these journals are the leading academic publications in their fields and together they form one of the most valuable and comprehensive bodies of research available today.
A Management Guide for Invasive Plants in Southern Forests. Influence of preharvest herbicide applications on seed viability. However, crop yield may be reduced due to competition with weeds, mainly because it has slow initial growth (Azevedo et al., 2000Azevedo CLL, Carvalho JEB, Lopes LC, Araujo AMA. For more information, visit http://journals.cambridge.org. Disponvel em: Disponvel em: http://www.adapar.pr.gov.br/modules/conteudo/conteudo.php?conteudo=387, Sistemas de Agrotxicos Fitossanitrios - AGROFIT. [acesso em 13 de mar.
nutriplant Similarly, starch productivity was impaired by herbicide application since it was lower when compared to the control with weeding. Cassava was planted in September 2015. Backpack sprayer calibration for woodland applications. Table 3 shows the results of weed dry matter and root and starch productivity for cassava of the cultivar Cascuda after herbicide applications in Experiment 1.
Rev Caatinga. (Portuguese), Text Figure 2 shows the phytointoxication values (%) caused by herbicide application after pruning of cassava plants in Experiment 2. Planta Daninha. These chemicals have the ability to accept or donate hydrogen ions depending upon the pH of the solution they are in. found that glyphosate (1.8 kg ha-1) + foliar fertilizer (Amino Plus, 2 L ha-1) provided an increase of 81% in dry matter of RR soybean when compared to glyphosate alone (1.8 kg ha-1). Rev Bras Herb. In order to mitigate the low availability of herbicides for cassava cultivation, using mixtures and sequential applications of herbicides may increase the spectrum of action and residual effect. However, no herbicide was selective for cassava plants. Selectivity of clomazone and s-metolachlor applied after cassava pruning. 2017;30(3):730-7.).
Bragantia. As doses utilizadas em ambos os experimentos de mesotriona, cletodim e clorimuron foram de 240, 120 e 20 g ha-1, respectivamente, enquanto para o adubo foliar utilizaram-se 2,5 L do produto comercial (Amino Plus).
herbicide treatments research forests sustaining nrs issue herbicides forest stump treatment cut service Access supplemental materials and multimedia. The weeds Achyrocline satureioides, Richardia brasiliensis, Conyzaspp., Bidens pilosa, Digitaria insularis, Parietariasp., and Sonchus oleraceus were found in the area at the flowering stage at the time of the first application. Pesq Agrop Bras.
Semina: Cienc Agr.
2008;43(3):327-32. ). The leaf surfaces of weeds vary widely and influence both spray retention and herbicide penetration. However, chlorimuron + clethodim + foliar fertilizer/mesotrione + clethodim + foliar fertilizer and chlorimuron + clethodim/mesotrione + clethodim provided no phytointoxication symptoms in cassava plants at 28 DA2A. The treatments of Experiment 1 consisted of control without weeding; control with weeding; mesotrione; mesotrione/mesotrione; mesotrione + foliar fertilizer/mesotrione + foliar fertilizer; mesotrione/mesotrione + foliar fertilizer; mesotrione + clethodim; mesotrione + clethodim + foliar fertilizer/mesotrione + clethodim + foliar fertilizer; mesotrione + clethodim/mesotrione + clethodim; mesotrione + clethodim/chlorimuron; mesotrione + clethodim/chlorimuron + foliar fertilizer; mesotrione + clethodim + foliar fertilizer/chlorimuron + clethodim + foliar fertilizer; mesotrione + clethodim/chlorimuron + clethodim]. Rev Agron. The percentage of phytointoxication of cassava plants was evaluated at 7, 14, 21, 28, 35, 42, 49, and 56 days after the first application (DA1A) and at 7, 14, 21, 28, and 35 days after the second application (DA2A). The percentage of starch was determined using a sample of 5.0 kg of roots collected from each plot by the hydrostatic weighing method (Grossmann and Freitas, 1950Grossmann J, Freitas AC. Each plot had 18 m2 and spacing of 0.9 0.7 m between cassava plants of the cultivar Cascuda, destined for the industry.
Cambridge Journals publishes over 250 peer-reviewed academic journals across a wide range of subject areas, in print and online. This item is part of a JSTOR Collection. However, studies on the effects of mixtures of mesotrione, clethodim, and chlorimuron or their sequential application on the selectivity of cassava, as well as the use of foliar fertilizers for remediation of injuries, are scarce in the literature. Modalidades de aplicao e associaes de herbicidas no controle de plantas daninhas em milho em espaamento convencional e reduzido. ). To be effective in controlling established perennial weeds of any kind, foliar herbicides such as glyphosate must be absorbed by leaves or stems and carried to the roots along with the carbohydrates produced in the leaves. . More on that another time. 2007;3:1-4; Resumos Expandidos do 12 Congresso Brasileiro da Mandioca - Paranava. Razes Amidos Trop. The characteristics of cassava plants observed to assign the scores were growth inhibition, quantity and uniformity of injuries or control, plant resprout ability, and number of dead plants. 2012;11(2):195-203. 2017;30(3):730-7.) Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatstica - IBGE. Semina Cienc Agr. option.
de 2018]. Determinao do teor de matria seca pelo peso especfico em razes de mandioca. Rev Bras Herb. Maciel CDG, Poletine JP, Amstalden SL, Gazziero DLP, Raimondi MA, Lima GRG, et al. Planta Daninha.
pfr microbial ormi insecticide wdg 2011;29(1):195-205.). The individual labels allow a range of specific uses and applications. However, the herbicides mesotrione and chlorimuron have the potential to be included in weed management programs in cassava, as they present low intoxication to the crop and effectiveness in weed control (Silveira et al., 2012Silveira HM, Silva DV, Santos JB, Castro Neto MD, Ferreira EA, Carvalho FP, Silva AA, Sediyama T. Sensibilidade de cultivares de mandioca ao herbicida mesotrione. Differences in solubility characteristics of these different leaf components present the primary obstacles to herbicide absorption. de 2018]. Request Permissions, Read Online (Free) relies on page scans, which are not currently available to screen readers. 2014;32(4):675-82. 2014;32(4):675-82.). It publishes over 2,500 books a year for distribution in more than 200 countries. Doc # SS-AGR-260. Planta Daninha.
herbicides foliar absorption cuticle Semina: Cienc Agr.
Pesticide Training and Certification Programs: The maximum allowable application of product per acre per year, There is a maximum allowable amount of product per acre per application for some products, The recommended concentration of herbicide mixture for foliar application, Concentrations are often given as an acceptable range, Recommended concentrations may be different for broadcast vs. spot treatment, Recommended concentrations may be different for woody vs. herbaceous species. Rev Ceres. Tolerncia de cinco cultivares de mandioca (Manihot esculenta) a herbicidas. Rev Ceres.
de 2018]. However, no reduction in phytointoxication was observed for treatments in which the foliar fertilizer was used. Disponvel em: Disponvel em: http://agrofit.agricultura.gov.br/agrofit_cons/principal_agrofit_cons This simple explanation fails to consider the large differences among plants in the structure and composition of leaves of different plant species. The crop undergoes a period of physiological rest in the interval between the first and second crop cycle, characterized by the stoppage of vegetative growth and plant defoliation, which occur in the coldest or driest season of the year when pruning is carried out by farmers (Silva et al., 2012Silva DV, Santos JB, Ferreira EA, Silva AA, Frana AC, Sediyama T. Manejo de plantas daninhas na cultura da mandioca.
insecticides herbicides [acesso em: 06 de abr. 2014;32(4):675-82.). It is worth mentioning that the cassava crop has a long cycle, with pruning being a sensitive stage to weed competition. This is important since a water soluble herbicide would associate with hydrophilic portions of the leaf and not enter the lipophilic regions, whereas oil soluble herbicides would preferentially associate with lipophilic regions.
2013;31(4):979-85.). (2012Silveira HM, Silva DV, Santos JB, Castro Neto MD, Ferreira EA, Carvalho FP, Silva AA, Sediyama T. Sensibilidade de cultivares de mandioca ao herbicida mesotrione. Glyphosateis an example of a weak acid, and like most postemergence herbicides is formulated as a salt of the parent acid in order to produce a product that is convenient to handle and mix with other products. All rights reserved. found that glyphosate (2.16 kg ha-1) + foliar fertilizer (Fertiactyl Post, 8 L ha-1) provided a 97% increase in dry matter of eucalyptus plants when compared to glyphosate (2.16 kg ha-1) without foliar fertilizer, emphasizing the feasibility of adding foliar fertilizer to the herbicidal solution to increase herbicide selectivity. 42p.). At higher magnification it can be seen that the surface of the lambsquarter cuticle is covered with waxy platelets.
Cambridge University Press is committed by its charter to disseminate knowledge as widely as possible across the globe. ; Otsubo et al., 2008Otsubo AA, Mercante FM, Silva RF, Borges CD. Once across the membrane the herbicide enters the alkaline cytoplasm and loses the hydrogen ion, increasing its water solubility and facilitating movement in the cytoplasm to the target site. Semina Cienc Agr. It is the plants physiology, not the calendar that counts!
While this type of system is based on sound physiological principles, actual plant responses to the environment are much more complex than represented by this type of equation. Resources now Available, OSU Forestry & Natural Resources Extension. Planta Daninha. . 2009;68(1):145-53. Palavras-chave:Manihot esculenta; plantas daninhas; controle qumico. It may have occurred because the mixture increased the potential damage of herbicides, characterizing an antagonism between products (Maciel et al., 2011Maciel CDG, Poletine JP, Amstalden SL, Gazziero DLP, Raimondi MA, Lima GRG, et al. The mineral oil Nimbus at 0.5% v v-1 was added in all spray solutions. Log in, Regulations, Training, and Applicator Certification, Testing Spraying Equipment against Specifications, Invasive Plant Management with Milestone and Other Herbicides: A Practical and Technical Guide (pdf).
Thus, this study aimed to evaluate the selectivity and efficiency of sequential application of herbicides alone and in mixture with and without of foliar fertilizer after pruning of cassava. Direct application to the target somewhat reduces variability in herbicide performance; however, there are still several factors which influence movement of the herbicide into the target.
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